Marriage

Narrated 'Aishah (RA):

al-Aqra' is the period of a woman's purity (which occurs between two menses). [Malik, Ahmad and an-Nasa'i reported it in the course of a story with a Sahih (authentic) chain of narrators].

وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: { إِنَّمَا اَلْأَقْرَاءُ; اَلْأَطْهَارُ } .‏ أَخْرَجَهُ مَالِكٌ فِي قِصَّةٍ بِسَنَدٍ صَحِيحٍ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated Ibn 'Umar (RA):

The divorce of a slave-woman occurs by saying it (the divorce word) twice, and her 'Iddah (waiting period) is two menses. [Reported by ad-Daraqutni].

وَعَنِ اِبْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: { طَلَاقُ اَلْأَمَةِ تَطْلِيقَتَانِ, وَعِدَّتُهَا حَيْضَتَانِ } رَوَاهُ اَلدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ [1]‏ .‏

He reported it as Marfu' (a saying of the Prophet) and graded it Da'if (weak).

وَأَخْرَجَهُ مَرْفُوعًا وَضَعَّفَهُ [1]‏ .‏

Abu Dawud, at-Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah reported the aforesaid Hadith from the narration of 'Aishah (RA), which al-Hakim graded as Sahih (authentic), but the Hadith scholars disagreed with him, and they agreed that it is Da'if (weak).

وَأَخْرَجَهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ, وَاَلتِّرْمِذِيُّ, وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ: مِنْ حَدِيثِ عَائِشَةَ, وَصَحَّحَهُ اَلْحَاكِمُ, وَخَالَفُوهُ, فَاتَّفَقُوا عَلَى ضَعْفِهِ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated Ruwaifi' bin Thabit (RA):

The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "It is not lawful for a man who believes in Allah and the Last Day to water what another person has sown." [Abu Dawud and at-Tirmidhi reported it. Ibn Hibban graded it Sahih (authentic), and al-Bazzar graded it Hasan (good)].

وَعَنْ رُوَيْفِعِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- عَنْ اَلنَّبِيِّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-قَالَ: { لَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرِئٍ يُؤْمِنُ بِاَللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ اَلْآخِرِ أَنْ يَسْقِيَ مَاءَهُ زَرْعَ غَيْرِهِ .‏ } أَخْرَجَهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ, وَاَلتِّرْمِذِيُّ, وَصَحَّحَهُ اِبْنُ حِبَّانَ, وَحَسَّنَهُ اَلْبَزَّارُ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated 'Umar (RA) regarding a wife of a lost husband:

She should wait for four years and then observe the 'Iddah for four months and ten days (before she may remarry). [Malik and ash-Shafi'i reported it].

وَعَنْ عُمَرَ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- ‏- { فِي اِمْرَأَةِ اَلْمَفْقُودِ‏- تَرَبَّصُ أَرْبَعَ سِنِينَ, ثُمَّ تَعْتَدُّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا } .‏ أَخْرَجَهُ مَالِكٌ, وَالشَّافِعِيُّ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated al-Mughirah bin Shu'bah (RA):

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The spouse of a lost husband remains his wife till she gets a certain news about his death." [ad-Daraqutni reported it with a Da'if (weak) chain of narrators].

وَعَنْ اَلْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-{ اِمْرَأَةُ اَلْمَفْقُودِ اِمْرَأَتُهُ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَهَا اَلْبَيَانُ.‏ } أَخْرَجَهُ اَلدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ بِإِسْنَادٍ ضَعِيفٍ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated Jabir (RA):

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "A man must not spend the night in the house of woman unless he is her husband or a Mahram." [Reported by Muslim].

وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-{ لَا يَبِيتَنَّ رَجُلٌ عِنْدَ اِمْرَأَةٍ, إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ نَاكِحًا, أَوْ ذَا مَحْرَمٍ.‏ } أَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (RA):

The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "A man must not be alone with a woman except in the presence of a Mahram." [al-Bukhari reported it].

وَعَنِ اِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا, عَنْ اَلنَّبِيِّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-قَالَ: { لَا يَخْلُوَنَّ رَجُلٌ بِاِمْرَأَةٍ, إِلَّا مَعَ ذِي مَحْرَمٍ.‏ } أَخْرَجَهُ اَلْبُخَارِيُّ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated Abu Sa'id (RA)" The Prophet (ﷺ) said in regard to the captives taken at Autas, "There must be no intercourse with a pregnant woman till she gives birth, or with one who is not pregnant till she has had one menstrual period." [Abu Dawud reported it, and al-Hakim graded it Sahih (authentic)].

وَعَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- أَنَّ اَلنَّبِيَّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-قَالَ فِي سَبَايَا أَوْطَاسٍ: { لَا تُوطَأُ حَامِلٌ حَتَّى تَضَعَ, وَلَا غَيْرُ ذَاتِ حَمْلٍ حَتَّى تَحِيضَ حَيْضَةً } أَخْرَجَهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ, وَصَحَّحَهُ اَلْحَاكِمُ [1]‏ .‏

The aforesaid Hadith has a supporting narration from Ibn 'Abbas (RA) reported by ad-Daraqutni.

وَلَهُ شَاهِدٌ: عَنْ اِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي اَلدَّارَقُطْنِيِّ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA):

The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "The child (born out of wedlock) belongs to the one on whose bed it is born, and stoning to death is for the fornicator." [Agreed upon, regarding Abu Hurairah's Hadith].

وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- عَنْ اَلنَّبِيِّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-قَالَ: { اَلْوَلَدُ لِلْفِرَاشِ, وَلِلْعَاهِرِ اَلْحَجَرُ.‏ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ حَدِيثِهِ [1]‏ .‏

The aforesaid Hadith is also a part of 'Aishah's Hadith in the course of a story.

وَمِنْ حَدِيثِ عَائِشَةَ فِي قِصَّةٍ [1]‏ .‏

And from Ibn Mas'ud by an-Nasa'i.

وَعَنْ اِبْنِ مَسْعُودٍ, عِنْدَ النَّسَائِيِّ [1]‏ .‏

And from 'Uthman by Abu Dawud.

وَعَنْ عُثْمَانَ.‏ عِنْدَ أَبِي دَاوُدَ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated 'Aishah (RA):

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "One or two sucks do not make (marriage) unlawful." [Muslim reported it].

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-{ لَا تُحَرِّمُ اَلْمَصَّةُ وَالْمَصَّتَانِ.‏ } أَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ.‏ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated ['Aishah (RA)]:

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Be sure (you women) who your brothers are, for suckling is that which is the result of hunger (i.e. when milk is the child's only food)." [Agreed upon].

وَعَنْهَا قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-{ اُنْظُرْنَ مَنْ إِخْوَانُكُنَّ, فَإِنَّمَا اَلرَّضَاعَةُ مِنْ اَلْمَجَاعَةِ.‏ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated ['Aishah (RA)]:

Sahlah (RA) daughter of Suhail (RA) came and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) , Salim the manumitted slave of Abu Hudhaifah lives with us in our house; and he has attained what men attain (i.e. puberty)." He said, "Suckle him so you would become unlawful to him (in marriage)." [Reported by Muslim].

وَعَنْهَا قَالَتْ: { جَاءَتْ سَهْلَةُ بِنْتُ سُهَيْلٍ.‏ فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ! إِنَّ سَالِمًا مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ مَعَنَا فِي بَيْتِنَا, وَقَدْ بَلَغَ مَا يَبْلُغُ اَلرِّجَالُ.‏ قَالَ:

أَرْضِعِيهِ.‏ تَحْرُمِي عَلَيْهِ

.‏ } رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated ['Aishah (RA)]:

Aflah (her foster suckling uncle), brother of Abul-Qais, came and asked her permission to enter after the Hijab (was instituted for women). She said, "I refused to allow him in and when Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) came, I told him about what I had done, so he commanded me to give him permission to enter where I am and said, 'He is your paternal uncle.'" [Agreed upon].

وَعَنْهَا: { أَنْ أَفْلَحَ ‏-أَخَا أَبِي الْقُعَيْسِ‏- جَاءَ يَسْتَأْذِنُ عَلَيْهَا بَعْدَ اَلْحِجَابِ.‏ قَالَتْ: فَأَبَيْتُ أَنْ آذَنَ لَهُ, فَلَمَّا جَاءَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-أَخْبَرْتُهُ بِاَلَّذِي صَنَعْتُ, فَأَمَرَنِي أَنْ آذَنَ لَهُ عَلَيَّ.‏ وَقَالَ:

إِنَّهُ عَمُّكِ

.‏ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ .‏ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated ['Aishah (RA)]:

In what was sent down in the Qur'an was 'ten known sucklings made marriage unlawful'. Afterwards, they were abrogated by 'five known ones.' Then, when Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) died these words were among what was recited in the Qur'an. [Reported by Muslim].

وَعَنْهَا قَالَتْ: { كَانَ فِيمَا أُنْزِلُ فِي اَلْقُرْآنِ: عَشْرُ رَضَعَاتٍ مَعْلُومَاتٍ يُحَرِّمْنَ, ثُمَّ نُسِخْنَ بِخَمْسٍ مَعْلُومَاتٍ, فَتُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-وَهِيَ [1]‏ فِيمَا يُقْرَأُ مِنَ اَلْقُرْآنِ } .‏ رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ [2]‏ .‏

Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (RA):

The Prophet (ﷺ) was offered to marry the daughter of Hamzah. He said, "She is unlawful to me for she is the daughter of my brother in suckling; and what is unlawful by reason of blood relationship is unlawful by reason of suckling relationship." [Agreed upon].

وَعَنِ اِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا { أَنَّ اَلنَّبِيَّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-أُرِيدُ عَلَى اِبْنَةِ حَمْزَةَ.‏ فَقَالَ: "إِنَّهَا لَا تَحِلُّ لِي; إِنَّهَا اِبْنَةُ أَخِي مِنْ اَلرَّضَاعَةِ } [1]‏ وَيَحْرُمُ مِنْ اَلرَّضَاعَةِ [2]‏ مَا يَحْرُمُ مِنْ اَلنَّسَبِ.‏ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ [3]‏

Narrated Umm Salamah (RA):

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The suckling that makes marriage unlawful is that which reaches the intestines (i.e. nourishes the child), and is taken before (two years) time of weaning." [Reported by at-Tirmidhi, he and al-Hakim graded it Sahih (authentic)].

وَعَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-{ لَا يُحَرِّمُ مِنْ اَلرَّضَاعَةِ إِلَّا مَا فَتَقَ اَلْأَمْعَاءَ, وَكَانَ قَبْلَ اَلْفِطَامِ.‏ } رَوَاهُ اَلتِّرْمِذِيُّ, وَصَحَّحَهُ هُوَ وَالْحَاكِمُ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (RA):

Suckling applies only (to infants) during the first two years (of their life). [Reported by ad-Daraqutni and Ibn 'Adi as Marfu' (a saying of the Prophet) and Mawquf (a saying of a Companion). However, they both held that the stronger view is that it is Mawquf (i.e. saying if Ibn 'Abbas).

وَعَنِ اِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: { لَا رَضَاعَ إِلَّا فِي اَلْحَوْلَيْنِ } رَوَاهُ اَلدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ وَابْنُ عَدِيٍّ مَرْفُوعًا وَمَوْقُوفًا, وَرَجَّحَا اَلْمَوْقُوفَ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated Ibn Mas'ud (RA):

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The only suckling (to be considered) is that which gives life to the bones and causes flesh to grow." [Abu Dawud reported it].

وَعَنِ اِبْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-{ لَا رَضَاعَ إِلَّا مَا أَنْشَزَ اَلْعَظْمَ, وَأَنْبَتَ اَللَّحْمَ.‏ } رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated 'Uqbah bin al-Harith:

He married Umm Yahya, daughter of Abu Ihab, and a woman came and said, "I have suckled both of you." So he asked the Prophet (ﷺ) and he replied, "How (can you hesitate) while it has been said (that you are foster brothers and sisters)?" 'Uqbah therefore separated from her and she married another husband. [al-Bukhari reported it].

وَعَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ اَلْحَارِثِ; { أَنَّهُ تَزَوَّجَ أُمَّ يَحْيَى بِنْتَ أَبِي إِهَابٍ, فَجَاءَتْ اِمْرَأَةٌ.‏ فَقَالَتْ: قَدْ أَرْضَعْتُكُمَا, فَسَأَلَ اَلنَّبِيَّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-فَقَالَ:

كَيْفَ وَقَدْ قِيلَ?

فَفَارَقَهَا عُقْبَةُ.‏ وَنَكَحَتْ زَوْجًا غَيْرَهُ.‏ } أَخْرَجَهُ اَلْبُخَارِيُّ [1]‏ .‏