Hadithcore
Sunan Abi Dawud, 2524
sahih· Al-Albani

Narrated Ubaydullah ibn Khalid as-Sulami:

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) made a brotherhood between two men, one of whom was killed (in Allah's path), and a week or thereabouts later the other died, and we prayed at his funeral). The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) asked: What did you say? We replied: We prayed for him and said: O Allah, forgive him, and join him to his companion. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: What about his prayers since the time the other died, and his fasting since the time the other died--the narrator Shu'bah doubted the words, "his fasting--and his deeds since the time the other died. The distance between them is just like the distance between heaven and earth.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَمْرَو بْنَ مَيْمُونٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ رُبَيِّعَةَ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ السُّلَمِيِّ، قَالَ ‏:‏ آخَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ فَقُتِلَ أَحَدُهُمَا وَمَاتَ الآخَرُ بَعْدَهُ بِجُمُعَةٍ أَوْ نَحْوِهَا، فَصَلَّيْنَا عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏:‏ ‏"‏ مَا قُلْتُمْ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَقُلْنَا ‏:‏ دَعَوْنَا لَهُ، وَقُلْنَا ‏:‏ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لَهُ وَأَلْحِقْهُ بِصَاحِبِهِ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏:‏ ‏"‏ فَأَيْنَ صَلاَتُهُ بَعْدَ صَلاَتِهِ وَصَوْمُهُ بَعْدَ صَوْمِهِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ شَكَّ شُعْبَةُ فِي صَوْمِهِ ‏:‏ ‏"‏ وَعَمَلُهُ بَعْدَ عَمَلِهِ إِنَّ بَيْنَهُمَا كَمَا بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالأَرْضِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏

References2 variants
In-Book Reference
Book 15, Hadith 48
English Reference
Book 14, Hadith 2518
Sharh · explanationclick to expand
The favor of Allah upon His servants is immense. He, the Exalted, grants abundant reward for acts of worship and obedience, and whoever lives long and performs good deeds receives glad tidings from Allah of excellent recompense in the Hereafter.In this Hadith, `Ubaid ibn Khalid As-Sulami (may Allah be pleased with him) says: "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) established bonds of brotherhood between two men," meaning: he made them brothers in Islam So that each would bear responsibilities for the other as true brothers would. "One of them was killed, and the other died after him by about a week," meaning: by approximately a week. "We prayed over him," meaning: the funeral prayer. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "What did you say?" meaning: in your supplication for the deceased. We said: "We supplicated for him and said: 'O Allah, forgive him and unite him with his companion,'" meaning: that He should join him with his martyred companion, because Allah elevates the rank of martyrs. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "Then where are his prayers after his (companion`s) prayers, and his fasting after his (companion`s) fasting— Shu`bah had doubt about "his fasting" — "and his deeds after his deeds?! Indeed, the distance between them is like that between the heavens and the earth," meaning: the acts of worship and obedience such as prayer, fasting, and righteous deeds that the deceased man performed after his brother's death were added to his ranks.Whoever lives longer, does more righteous deeds and increases in acts of obedience has a higher rank. This does not indicate that everyone who dies after someone else is necessarily better than them, but it shows that the longer a person lives and is granted life in obedience to Allah and in righteous deeds, the more good deeds are recorded for him.This Hadith highlights the significance of righteous deeds, emphasizing that they elevate the servant's standing with Allah. It also shows that some of those who die in their beds may have better reward than a martyr, due to other acts of obedience..
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