Hadithcore
Sahih al-Bukhari, 2212
sahih

Narrated Hisham bin `Urwa from his father:

who heard Aisha saying, "The Holy Verse; 'Whoever amongst the guardians is rich, he should take no wages (from the property of the orphans) but If he is poor, let him have for himself what is just and reasonable (according to his labors)' (4:6) was revealed concerning the guardian of the orphans who looks after them and manages favorably their financial affairs; If the guardian Is poor, he could have from It what Is just and reasonable, (according to his labors).

حَدَّثَنِي إِسْحَاقُ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامٌ، وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدٌ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ فَرْقَدٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ هِشَامَ بْنَ عُرْوَةَ، يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ تَقُولُ ‏{‏وَمَنْ كَانَ غَنِيًّا فَلْيَسْتَعْفِفْ وَمَنْ كَانَ فَقِيرًا فَلْيَأْكُلْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ‏}‏ أُنْزِلَتْ فِي وَالِي الْيَتِيمِ الَّذِي يُقِيمُ عَلَيْهِ، وَيُصْلِحُ فِي مَالِهِ، إِنْ كَانَ فَقِيرًا أَكَلَ مِنْهُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ‏.‏

Isnad

8 transmitters
  1. 1Ishaq bin Shahyn al-Wastial-Wasit · d. after 250 AH
  2. 2Muhammad bin 'Abdullah bin NumayrHamadan,al-Kufa · d. 234 AH
  3. 3Hisham bin Abi 'Abdullah al-Dastawa'ial-Basra · d. 154 AH
  4. 4Muhammad bin Ja'far Ghandaral-Basra · d. 194 AH
  5. 5'Uthman bin Frqd al-Taral-Basra
  6. 6Hisham bin 'UrwaMedina · d. 146 AH
  7. 7'Urwa ibn al-ZubayrMedina · d. 93 AH/713 CE
  8. 8'Aisha bint Abi BakrMakkah/Medina · d. 57 AH/678 CE (17 Ramadan)
References2 variants
In-Book Reference
Book 34, Hadith 158
USC-MSA web (English) reference
Vol. 3, Book 34, Hadith 414 (deprecated numbering scheme)
Sharh · explanationclick to expand
Since an (underage) orphan is unable to manage his own financial affairs, it is prescribed to appoint a guardian to shoulder that task on his behalf, to dispose of his financial (and legal) affairs and preserve his wealth. Allah, Exalted is He, commanded the guardian of the orphan to preserve the orphan’s wealth. The Laws of Islam also forbade the guardian from substituting (his) worthless items of wealth for the good and superior items of wealth owned by the orphan under his guardianship. In this hadeeth,the Mother of Believers ‘Aa’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) explained the meaning of the ayah that reads (what means): {And whoever, [when acting as guardian], is self-sufficient should refrain [from taking a fee]; and whoever is poor - let him take according to what is acceptable.} [Quran 4:6].She (may Allah be pleased with her) stated that it was revealed regarding the orphan's guardian who is entrusted with taking care of him, tending to his needs, and preserving and managing his wealth. The ayah means that if a guardian of an orphan, whose father died before he reached puberty, has personal wealth to fulfill his own needs and dispense with the orphan’s wealth, i.e., not taking fees in return for managing the orphan’s financial affairs on his behalf, he should do so and graciously refrain from taking fees. However, if the guardian is poor, it is allowable for him to avail himself of the orphan’s wealth reasonably, i.e., taking only the fees that he needs without transgressing the proper limits, leading to the loss of the orphan's wealth. .
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