Hadithcore
Sahih al-Bukhari, 1043
sahih

Narrated Al-Mughira bin Shu`ba:

"The sun eclipsed in the lifetime of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) on the day when (his son) Ibrahim died. So the people said that the sun had eclipsed because of the death of Ibrahim. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The sun and the moon do not eclipse because of the death or life (i.e. birth) of someone. When you see the eclipse pray and invoke Allah."

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا هَاشِمُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا شَيْبَانُ أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنْ زِيَادِ بْنِ عِلاَقَةَ، عَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ، قَالَ كَسَفَتِ الشَّمْسُ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَوْمَ مَاتَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ، فَقَالَ النَّاسُ كَسَفَتِ الشَّمْسُ لِمَوْتِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ‏.‏ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏

‏ إِنَّ الشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ لاَ يَنْكَسِفَانِ لِمَوْتِ أَحَدٍ وَلاَ لِحَيَاتِهِ، فَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمْ فَصَلُّوا وَادْعُوا اللَّهَ ‏

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References2 variants
In-Book Reference
Book 16, Hadith 4
USC-MSA web (English) reference
Vol. 2, Book 18, Hadith 153 (deprecated numbering scheme)
Sharh · explanationclick to expand
The sun and moon are two glorious signs of many which Allah, Exalted be He, has created, and their courses and alterations in the sky demonstrate the precision of the Creator, and the perfection of His work. The occurrence of lunar and solar eclipsescalls for fear because of their disappearance during the event and could potentially lead to the possible occurrence of the Day of Judgement; and it requires [us] to take refuge in Allah by offering prayers and supplications. In this hadeeth, al-Mugheerah ibn Shuʿbah(may Allah be pleased with him) reports that the sun and moon had eclipsed during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the day that Ibraheem, the son of the Prophet ﷺ and Maariyah al-Qibṭiyyah, died at the age of eighteen months. The eclipse takes place when the light of the sun or moon disappears from sight by a habitual cause which Allah, Exalted be He, manifests in the world. For the most part, the eclipse of the sun is expressed by [the Arabic word]: al-kusoof, and the lunar eclipse as al-khusoof. One of these [two words] may be used to express the other as well. When this happened, the people said: “The sun eclipsed due to the death of Ibraheem”; since they believed that this affair would not have happened, except if it was due to a significant death. However, the Prophet ﷺ corrected this mistaken understanding for them, to which he said: “Verily, the sun and moon do not eclipse because of the death or birth of anyone.” Then, he ﷺ instructed them with what they should do when they observe that [happening] - by saying: “So when you all see the eclipse, pray and beseech Allah.”, meaning: ‘If you all see an eclipse of the sun or moon, then hasten and resort to prayers.’ The eclipse prayer is a two-unit prayer [which are to be performed] in a specific manner, while one calls upon Allah and invokes Him until the eclipse passes. The dominant legal opinionon how to perform the eclipse prayer is: that it consists of two units; and in each one, there are two standings, two recitals of Quran, two bowings, and two prostrations - whether the eclipse lasts or not. This hadeeth rebuts and invalidates what the people before Islam believed in with regards to the influence of the stars on divine decree. It also demonstrates the power of Allah, His total authority over His creation, and that it is necessary to return to Allah during misfortunes and times of hardship and calamities. .
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