Hadithcore
Sahih Muslim, 691
sahih

Yahya b. Yazid al-Huna'i reported:

I asked Anas b. Malik about shortening of prayer. He said: When the Messenger of' Allah (ﷺ) had covered a distance of three miles or three farsakh (Shu'ba, one of the narrators, had some doubt about it) he observed two rak'ahs.

وَحَدَّثَنَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، كِلاَهُمَا عَنْ غُنْدَرٍ، - قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، غُنْدَرٌ - عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَزِيدَ الْهُنَائِيِّ، قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ عَنْ قَصْرِ الصَّلاَةِ، فَقَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذَا خَرَجَ مَسِيرَةَ ثَلاَثَةِ أَمْيَالٍ أَوْ ثَلاَثَةِ فَرَاسِخَ - شُعْبَةُ الشَّاكُّ - صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ ‏.‏

Isnad

7 transmitters
  1. 1Abu Bakr bin Abi ShaybaKufa · d. ~235 AH
  2. 2Muhammad bin Bashar Bindaral-Basra · d. 252 AH
  3. 3Muhammad bin Ja'far Ghandaral-Basra · d. 194 AH
  4. 4Abu Bakr bin Abi UvaisMedina · d. 202 AH
  5. 5Muhammad bin Ja'far Ghandaral-Basra · d. 194 AH
  6. 6Shu'bah bin al-HajjajWasit,Basra · d. 160 AH
  7. 7Anas bin MalikMedinah,Damascus, Basrah · d. 93 AH/712 CE
References2 variants
In-Book Reference
Book 6, Hadith 14
USC-MSA web (English) reference
Book 4, Hadith 1471 (deprecated numbering scheme)
Sharh · explanationclick to expand
Travel is a piece of torment, and it is most likely to involve tiredness and hardship. Hence, Allah Almighty alleviates things for travelers and facilitates the Shar‘i rulings for them. In this Hadīth, the Tābi‘i Yahya ibn Yazīd relates: "I asked Anas ibn Mālik about shortening the prayer." He meant: the amount of distance with which prayer is to be shortened. In response, Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said that when the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) left Madīnah for a journey of three miles, nearly five kilometers - Shu‘bah ibn al-Hajjāj, one of the narrators of this Hadīth, doubted that he said: three leagues, which is 14 km or so - he would shorten the four-Rak‘ah prayers (the Zhuhr, ‘Asr, and ‘Ishā’) and offer them as two Rak‘ahs only. This Hadīth was cited as a proof for shortening the prayer during short-distance travel..
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