Hadithcore
Sahih al-Bukhari, 2084
sahih

Narrated Aisha:

When the last Verses of Surat al- Baqara were revealed, the Prophet (ﷺ) recited them in the mosque and proclaimed the trade of alcohol as illegal.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا غُنْدَرٌ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الضُّحَى، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ قَالَتْ لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ آخِرُ الْبَقَرَةِ قَرَأَهُنَّ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَلَيْهِمْ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ، ثُمَّ حَرَّمَ التِّجَارَةَ فِي الْخَمْرِ‏.‏

Isnad

7 transmitters
  1. 1Muhammad bin Bashar Bindaral-Basra · d. 252 AH
  2. 2Muhammad bin Ja'far Ghandaral-Basra · d. 194 AH
  3. 3Shu'bah bin al-HajjajWasit,Basra · d. 160 AH
  4. 4Mansur bin al-Ma'tamar al-SalmiKufa · d. 132 AH
  5. 5Muslim bin Sabih al-Hamdani, Abu al-DahaHamadan,al-Kufa · d. 100 AH
  6. 6Masrouq bin al-Ajda'Hijaz,Kufa · d. ~63 AH
  7. 7'Aisha bint Abi BakrMakkah/Medina · d. 57 AH/678 CE (17 Ramadan)
References2 variants
In-Book Reference
Book 34, Hadith 37
USC-MSA web (English) reference
Vol. 3, Book 34, Hadith 297 (deprecated numbering scheme)
Sharh · explanationclick to expand
Khamr (i.e., intoxicants) is the mother of all evils, and the Laws of Islamhas warned against drinking it and trading in it, because of the harm it incurs on the individual and society. In this hadeeth, the Mother of Believers ‘Aa’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) stated that when the last ayaat of Al-Baqarah chapter were revealed, the Prophet ﷺ recited them for people in the (Prophet's) Mosque. The version of the hadeeth complied in Saheeh Al-Bukhaaree and Saheeh Muslim has an addition reading, “about Ribaa.” This narration refers to the ayaat that read (what means): {Those who consume interest cannot stand [on the Day of Resurrection] except as one stands who is being beaten by Satan into insanity…[thus] you do no wrong, nor are you wronged.} [Quran 2:275-279]. These ayaat included the prohibition of Ribaa (i.e., interest, usury). Afterward, the Prophet ﷺ deemed trading in Khamr prohibited as well, because it involves selling or buying what is unlawful and leads to falling into the sin of consuming Khamr. The Arabic word Khamr linguistically denotes covering, because Khamr covers intellect, leading a person to commit other destructive sins. It is known that the prohibition of Khamr was revealed in the ayaat that reads (what means): {O you who have believed, indeed, intoxicants, gambling, [sacrificing on] stone altars [to other than Allah], and divining arrows are but defilement from the work of Satan, so avoid it that you may be successful. * Satan only wants to cause between you animosity and hatred through intoxicants and gambling and to avert you from the remembrance of Allah and from prayer. So will you not desist?* And obey Allah and obey the Messenger and beware. And if you turn away – then know that upon Our Messenger is only [the responsibility for] clear notification.} [Quran 5:90-92] These ayaat were revealed long before the ayah about the prohibition of Ribaa, which was either the last ayah to be revealed in the Quran or one of the last ones. It is possible that he ﷺ informed them of the prohibition of trading in Khamr when Khamr was deemed prohibited, then informed them of it again after the ayah on Ribaa was revealed, for the sake of laying emphasis on the prohibition in this regard and to ensure that it wasproclaimed more broadly. It is also possible that he ﷺ made mention of them both to indicate that Ribaa and Khamr are equally prohibited. Perhaps those who attended that assembly were absent during the previous one when he ﷺ proclaimed the prohibition of trading in Khamr. It is deduced from the hadeeth that trading in Khamr is strictly prohibited, since Allah, Exalted is He, coupled it with Ribaa, about which stern warnings have been reported. The hadeeth also highlights the emphasis laid by the Laws of Islam on the prohibition of Ribaa and Khamr, since the Prophet ﷺ keenly proclaimed such prohibitions in the mosque, emphasizing their gravity..
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