Allah has favoured this nation by sending the seal of all Prophets and Messengers, the Master of all Prophets, Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, and made his noble Companions (may Allah be pleased with him) His witnesses on this earth, just as He made them on the Day of Judgment witnesses on people. Thus, they will testify on behalf of the Prophets, when their nations claim that they did not convey the message of their Lord to them. In this hadeeth, Anas ibn Maalik (may Allah be pleased with him) reports that a funeral was progressing [towards the graveyard] – Arabs use the term funeral or bier to refer to the deceased in his coffin – and the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) praised the deceased, and spoke of his good qualities. Upon hearing this, the Prophet ﷺ said “it has become certain” i.e., he has just deserved Paradise [because they vouched for him]. Another funeral passed, and they condemned the deceased and mentioned the vice and bad character that he was known for. ; Thus, the Prophet ﷺ said: “It has become certain”, meaning that the deceased has just deserved punishment, because they had vouched against him. The Prophet ﷺ explained that their testimony for and against people is accepted [by Allah]. The Prophet ﷺ made the testimony of his Companions (may Allah be pleased with them),of whether the deceased is from the people of Paradise or the dwellers of Hellfire, evidence that confirms the reward or punishment awaiting the deceased. The meaning of “it has become certain” is that the reward or punishment is confirmed, and not that it is obligation upon Allah, the Exalted, because there is nothing that is obligatory upon Allah. His reward manifests in His favours upon us, and His punishment manifests in His justice,and He cannot be questioned about what He does. The outcome of praise and condemnation, as mentioned in this hadeeth,is only when it reflects the reality of the deceased and his deeds during his life; otherwise, it is inapplicable. It has been said that the testimony of people that is mentioned in the hadeeth is limited to the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) and their ilk,whoare pious and credible, because this kind of people only utter wisdom. We learn from this hadeeth that when true Muslims vouch for a deceased person that he was good, then they have testified that he is from the people of Paradise. It also highlights the importance of being kind to people and treating others in a good manner, and never manifest evil and bad deeds. .