Hadithcore
Sahih al-Bukhari, 1098
sahih

Narrated Salim:

At night `Abdullah bin `Umar used to offer the prayer on the back of his animal during the journey and never cared about the direction he faced. Ibn `Umar said, "Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to offer the optional prayer on the back of his Mount facing any direction and also used to pray the witr on it but never offered the compulsory prayer on it."

وَقَالَ اللَّيْثُ حَدَّثَنِي يُونُسُ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، قَالَ قَالَ سَالِمٌ كَانَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ يُصَلِّي عَلَى دَابَّتِهِ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ وَهْوَ مُسَافِرٌ، مَا يُبَالِي حَيْثُ مَا كَانَ وَجْهُهُ‏.‏ قَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يُسَبِّحُ عَلَى الرَّاحِلَةِ قِبَلَ أَىِّ وَجْهٍ تَوَجَّهَ، وَيُوتِرُ عَلَيْهَا، غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ لاَ يُصَلِّي عَلَيْهَا الْمَكْتُوبَةَ‏.‏

References2 variants
In-Book Reference
Book 18, Hadith 18
USC-MSA web (English) reference
Vol. 2, Book 20, Hadith 202 (deprecated numbering scheme)
Sharh · explanationclick to expand
The Companions of The Prophet ﷺ would be eager to be rightly guided by his example, and follow his sunnah; especially regarding the prayer, which is the pillar of the religion, and the greatest of the physical Islamic pillars. This hadeeth explains the permissibility of performing optional prayers while while on a riding-mount excluding the obligatory prayers; where the taabiʿee: Saalim ibn ʿAbdullah ibn ʿUmar reports that his father, ʿAbdullah(may Allah be pleased with him) would perform night prayers during [his] travels, while atop his riding mount; and he was not concerned with whether he was facing towards Qiblah or not. This is because the Qiblah of the traveller for his voluntary prayers is whatever direction his riding animal is traveling if it becomes burdensome for him to turn towards the Qiblah. As for the one who is able to turn towards the direction of the prayer without much difficulty - like if one was aboard a ship - then it would be necessary for him to turn towards it [in this case]. Then, ʿAbdullah ibn ʿUmar (may Allah be pleased with them) said: The Prophet ﷺ would perform the supererogatory sunnah prayers - atop his mount in whichever direction or way his riding animal was facing and did not worry about the direction of the Qiblah. He ﷺ would also perform the witr prayer without facing towards the Qiblah, except that the Prophet ﷺ would not perform the obligatory prayers on top of his riding animal. As for how the bowing and prostrations are performed atop of [one’s] riding animal, Ibn ʿUmar (may Allah bepleased with him) mentioned it in a report [narrated] by al-Bukhaaree, where it is related that he ﷺ would motion with his head [to perform the bowing and prostration], meaning: lowering it a bit for when the bowing [occurs in the prayer], and he would perform the prostration lower [than the one done for the bowing] - and it is [done to a] lesser [extent] than the form of the complete prostration. .
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