Hadithcore
Sahih Muslim, 1525 a
sahih

Ibn Abbas (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:

He who buys foodgrain should not sell it until he has taken possession of it.

حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ الْعَتَكِيُّ، وَقُتَيْبَةُ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ طَاوُسٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏

‏ مَنِ ابْتَاعَ طَعَامًا فَلاَ يَبِعْهُ حَتَّى يَسْتَوْفِيَهُ ‏

‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَأَحْسِبُ كُلَّ شَىْءٍ مِثْلَهُ ‏.‏

Isnad

7 transmitters
  1. 1Yahya bin Yahya bin BukayrNisapur,Khurasan,Hijaz,Iraq,Syria,Egypt · d. 226 AH
  2. 2Hammad bin ZaydBasra · d. 179 AH
  3. 3Qutayba bin Sa'id bin JamilBulkh,Bakhalan, Baghdad · d. ~240 AH
  4. 4Hammad bin ZaydBasra · d. 179 AH
  5. 5'Amr bin DinarMakkah · d. 126 AH
  6. 6Tawus bin KaysanYemen, Hijaz · d. 106 AH or after
  7. 7ibn AbbasMakkah/Medina · d. 68 AH/687 CE
References2 variants
In-Book Reference
Book 21, Hadith 36
USC-MSA web (English) reference
Book 10, Hadith 3640 (deprecated numbering scheme)
Sharh · explanationclick to expand
Allah Almighty has prescribed in sale what maintains people's rights, keeps them away from conflicts and quarrels, and repels harm from them. In this Hadīth, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) advises us saying that whoever buys food and wants to resell it, he "should not sell it" until he takes it after being measured and weighed. This is an indirect reference that the buyer should receive it and it becomes in his possession and knows its amount in a way that negates ambiguity. This is related to what is sold by measure as in this case, so it must be first measured until he receives it in full, then, he may sell it afterward. It is not lawful for him to sell it before measuring it, as it could be subject to excess or deficiency, which entails doing injustice and harm either to the seller or the buyer. Thereupon, Tāwūs ibn Kaysān - from the Tābi‘is - asked Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him and his father): "Why?" i.e., why did the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) stipulate this condition? Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) said: "Do you not see them transacting with gold, whereas the food is deferred?" In other words, the seller used to take the price in gold dinars, and then he would delay the delivery of food to the buyer. Therefore, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) stipulated that the buyer should not resell it until he receives it and it becomes in his possession. Another Hadīth in the two Sahīh Collections clarified that what he meant by that is to transfer the food to another place or to the markets where it is sold in order not to be monopolized or manipulate its price. So, he made it clear that the right thing is to transfer it to the markets, which are known to people, where food is sold and to take possession of it, since Qabd (taking possession) is a condition, and transferring it as mentioned fulfills this condition. Moreover, in the two Sahīh Collections, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade reselling the food after buying it until he receives it in full, i.e., he should not adopt any procedure or dispose of it by selling it again unless he first takes what he has purchased and it becomes in his full possession. Only then, he can resell it. This guarantees preventing any harm to the seller, the buyer, or the dwellers of this country that could result in disputes and conflicts between people and, thus, inflict harm upon them. The Hadīth shows the Prophet's keenness on whatever brings goodness to his Ummah and his kindness towards them even when it comes to worldly interests. It highlights the prohibition of adopting sale methods that lead to the monopoly of goods and the rise in prices, or that cause harm to the parties involved in the sale transaction..
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