Hadithcore
Sahih al-Bukhari, 1445
sahih

Narrated Abu Burda:

from his father from his grandfather that the Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Every Muslim has to give in charity." The people asked, "O Allah's Prophet! If someone has nothing to give, what will he do?" He said, "He should work with his hands and benefit himself and also give in charity (from what he earns)." The people further asked, "If he cannot find even that?" He replied, "He should help the needy who appeal for help." Then the people asked, "If he cannot do that?" He replied, "Then he should perform good deeds and keep away from evil deeds and this will be regarded as charitable deeds."

حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏"‏ عَلَى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ صَدَقَةٌ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَقَالُوا يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ قَالَ ‏"‏ يَعْمَلُ بِيَدِهِ فَيَنْفَعُ نَفْسَهُ وَيَتَصَدَّقُ ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالُوا فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ قَالَ ‏"‏ يُعِينُ ذَا الْحَاجَةِ الْمَلْهُوفَ ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالُوا فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ فَلْيَعْمَلْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ، وَلْيُمْسِكْ عَنِ الشَّرِّ فَإِنَّهَا لَهُ صَدَقَةٌ ‏"‏‏.‏

References2 variants
In-Book Reference
Book 24, Hadith 48
USC-MSA web (English) reference
Vol. 2, Book 24, Hadith 524 (deprecated numbering scheme)
Sharh · explanationclick to expand
The charity and alms which a person takes from his wealth for righteous purposes after upholding the rights of himself and his dependents is one of the best acts of obedience, and greatest pious deeds which is pleasing to Allah, The Almighty. Charity doesn’t only [come in the form] of money. Rather, it can [include] helping [others] to do good and preventing evil as well; as what is shown in this hadeeth, where the Prophet ﷺ clarifies that it is incumbent upon every Muslim to offer charity voluntarily because charity without the obligatory zakat is a mandatory duty of every Muslim to offer it as a recommended act [of worship], regardless of his circumstances and conditions. So, whoever is poor and does not own any money to give in charity, let him work with his own hands until he is able to acquire [enough] to benefit himself, by spending it on himself [for his needs], his family, and those who depend on him, and whatever is extra is offered in charity to others. If he does not find any money to offer in charity, then he assists anyone who is troubled and in need - which is the one who is helpless or oppressed. Likewise, everyone who has experienced a calamity and seeks help for it. “And if he does not find [them]”, that is to say: if he is not able to help anyone with their need[s], then let him perform righteous deeds, perform physical, supererogatory physical acts of worship, [such as]: prayer, fasting, reciting the Quran, and more. Let him [also] abstain from sin, and avoid that which is prohibited, [like]: backbiting, slander, lying, and spread ant evil or harm to the servants (Muslims); because doing the good and abstaining from evil has the reward of almsgiving. From the other benefits that we can conclude from this hadeeth is that it highlights that charity is required of every Muslim, whether they be rich or poor, each one according to their best of ability. And that if good deeds are accompanied with a good intention, it can take the place of almsgiving with regards to the rewards, especially for those who are not able to offer alms. It shows that charity that is given by those who are able to do so is better than all other deeds restricted to the person who is doing it. It provides a proof for who stated that refraining from an action is considered a deed that people will be judged about it. It shows the merits of earning a living because of what potentials it offers in helping and offering oneself to others [in service]. And lastly, it shows us that the doors that open to goodness are many, and the path to pleasing Allah is not absent..
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