Crimes (Qisas or Retaliation)

lbn Mas’ud (RAA) narrated that The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

“The blood of a Muslim who testifies that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and that I am His Messenger, cannot be shed lawfully, except in three cases: a married person who committed adultery, in Qisas (retaliation) for murder (life for life) and the apostate from Islam who abandons the Muslim Jama’ah (community).” Agreed upon.

عَنْ اِبْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-{ لَا يَحِلُّ دَمُ اِمْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ; يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اَللَّهُ, وَأَنِّي رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ, إِلَّا بِإِحْدَى ثَلَاثٍ: اَلثَّيِّبُ اَلزَّانِي, وَالنَّفْسُ بِالنَّفْسِ, وَالتَّارِكُ لِدِينِهِ; اَلْمُفَارِقُ لِلْجَمَاعَةِ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ [1]‏ .‏

'A’ishah (RAA) narrated that Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said:

“The blood of a Muslim is not to be shed except for three reasons: a married man who committed adultery, a man who kills another Muslim intentionally for which he must be killed (in Qisas or retaliation), and a man who abandons Islam and fights against Allah and His Messenger, in which case he should be either killed, crucified, or exiled.” Related by Abu Dawud and An-Nasa’i. Al-Hakim graded it as Sahih.

وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهَا, عَنْ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-قَالَ: { لَا يَحِلُّ قَتْلُ مُسْلِمٍ إِلَّا فِي إِحْدَى ثَلَاثِ خِصَالٍ: زَانٍ مُحْصَنٌ فَيُرْجَمُ, وَرَجُلٌ يَقْتُلُ مُسْلِمًا مُتَعَمِّدًا فَيُقْتَلُ, وَرَجُلٌ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ اَلْإِسْلَامِ فَيُحَارِبُ اَللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ, فَيُقْتَلُ, أَوْ يُصْلَبُ, أَوْ يُنْفَى مِنْ اَلْأَرْضِ .‏ } رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ, وَالنَّسَائِيُّ, وَصَحَّحَهُ اَلْحَاكِمُ [1]‏ .‏

'Abdullah Ibn Mas’ud (RAA) narrated that The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

“The first issues to be judged among people on the Day of Resurrection, are those of unlawful blood-shed.” Agreed upon.

وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-{ أَوَّلُ مَا يُقْضَى بَيْنَ اَلنَّاسِ يَوْمَ اَلْقِيَامَةِ فِي اَلدِّمَاءِ .‏ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ [1]‏ .‏

Samurah (RAA) narrated that The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

“Whoever kills his slave we shall kill him, and whoever cuts the nose of his slave we shall cut off his nose.” Related by Ahmad and the four lmams. At-Tirmidhi graded it as Hasan. Abu Dawud and An-Nasa’i added the following, “and whoever castrates his slave we shall castrate him.” Al-Hakim graded this addition as Sahih.

وَعَنْ سَمُرَةَ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-{ مَنْ قَتَلَ عَبْدَهُ قَتَلْنَاهُ, وَمَنْ جَدَعَ عَبْدَهُ جَدَعْنَاهُ } رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ, وَالْأَرْبَعَةُ, وَحَسَّنَهُ اَلتِّرْمِذِيُّ, وَهُوَ مِنْ رِوَايَةِ اَلْحَسَنِ اَلْبَصْرِيِّ عَنْ سَمُرَةَ, وَقَدْ اُخْتُلِفَ فِي سَمَاعِهِ مِنْهُ [1]‏ .‏ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لِأَبِي دَاوُدَ, وَالنَّسَائِيِّ: { وَمَنْ خَصَى عَبْدُهُ خَصَيْنَاهُ } .‏ وَصَحَّحَ اَلْحَاكِمُ هَذِهِ اَلزِّيَادَةَ [2]‏ .‏

’Umar bin al-Khattab (RAA) narrated, ‘I heard the Messenger of Allah say, “A father is not to be killed for his offspring.” Related by Ahmad, At-Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah. Ibn al-Garud and al-Baihaqi graded it as Sahih.

وَعَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ اَلْخَطَّابِ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-يَقُولُ: { لَا يُقَادُ اَلْوَالِدُ بِالْوَلَدِ } رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ, وَاَلتِّرْمِذِيُّ, وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ, وَصَحَّحَهُ اِبْنُ اَلْجَارُودِ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ, وَقَالَ اَلتِّرْمِذِيُّ: إِنَّهُ مُضْطَرِبٌ [1]‏ .‏

Abu Juhaifah (RAA) narrated, ‘I asked 'Ali:

‘Do you have any other Divine Revelation besides what is in the Qur’an? ’Ali said, ‘No. By Him Who made the grain split (germinate) and created the soul, we have nothing besides the Qur’an except the gift of understanding the Qur’an, which Allah gives a man, besides what is written in this manuscript. I said, ‘What is in this manuscript?’ ‘Ali said, ‘The regulations of Diyah (Blood money), the ransom for captives and the ruling that no Muslim should be killed in Qisas for killing a disbeliever.’ Related by Al-Bukhari.

وَعَنْ أَبِي جُحَيْفَةَ قَالَ: { قُلْتُ لَعَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا: هَلْ عِنْدَكُمْ شَيْءٌ مِنْ اَلْوَحْيِ غَيْرَ اَلْقُرْآنِ? قَالَ: لَا وَاَلَّذِي فَلَقَ اَلْحَبَّةَ وَبَرَأَ اَلنِّسْمَةَ, إِلَّا فَهْمٌ يُعْطِيهِ اَللَّهُ رَجُلًا فِي اَلْقُرْآنِ, وَمَا فِي هَذِهِ اَلصَّحِيفَةِ.‏ قُلْتُ: وَمَا فِي هَذِهِ اَلصَّحِيفَةِ? قَالَ: "اَلْعَقْلُ, وَفِكَاكُ اَلْأَسِيرِ, وَلَا يُقْتَلُ مُسْـلِمٌ بِكَافِرٍ } .‏ رَوَاهُ اَلْبُخَارِيُّ [1]‏

The previous tradition was also transmitted by Ahmad, An-Nasa’i and Abu Dawud on the authority of 'Ali with a different chain of narrators where he said, ‘The blood of one Muslim (his life) is equivalent to the blood of another Muslim (i.e. equal in Qisas and blood money), the protection of Allah is one (and is equally) extended to the most humble of the believers (i.e. if a Muslim gives protection to a man or to a group of men, they should all help him even is he was the most humble of them). Believers are all like one hand against their enemies. No believer is to be killed for a disbeliever (i.e. in Qisas), nor should one who has a covenant with the Muslims be killed while his covenant holds.’ Al-Hakim graded it as Sahih.

وَأَخْرَجَهُ أَحْمَدُ, وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ, وَالنَّسَائِيُّ: مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ وَقَالَ فِيهِ: { اَلْمُؤْمِنُونَ تَتَكَافَأُ دِمَاؤُهُمْ, وَيَسْعَى بِذِمَّتِهِمْ أَدْنَاهُمْ, وَهُمْ يَدٌ عَلَى مَنْ سِوَاهُمْ, وَلَا يُقْتَلُ مُؤْمِنٌ بِكَافِرٍ, وَلَا ذُو عَهْدٍ فِي عَهْدِهِ } .‏ وَصَحَّحَهُ اَلْحَاكِمُ [1]‏ .‏

Anas bin Malik (RAA) narrated that A girl was found with her head crushed between two stones. They asked her, ‘Who did that to you? Is it so and so, or so and so? They mentioned some names to her until they mentioned the name of a Jew, whereupon she nodded her head. The Jew was captured and he confessed. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) ordered that his head be crushed between two stones.’ Agreed upon and the wording is from Muslim.

وَعَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- { أَنَّ جَارِيَةً وُجَدَ رَأْسُهَا قَدْ رُضَّ بَيْنَ حَجَرَيْنِ, فَسَأَلُوهَا: مَنْ صَنَعَ بِكِ هَذَا? فُلَانٌ.‏ فُلَانٌ.‏ حَتَّى ذَكَرُوا يَهُودِيًّا.‏ فَأَوْمَأَتْ بِرَأْسِهَا, فَأُخِذَ اَلْيَهُودِيُّ, فَأَقَرَّ, فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-أَنْ يُرَضَّ رَأْسُهُ بَيْنَ حَجَرَيْنِ.‏ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ, وَاللَّفْظُ لِمُسْلِمٍ.‏ [1]‏ .‏

'Imran bin Al-Husain (RAA) narrated that A slave of some poor people cut off the ear of another slave belonging to some rich people. They came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) but he appointed no compensation for them.’ Related by Ahmad and the three Imams with a sound chain of narrators.

وَعَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- { أَنَّ غُلَامًا لِأُنَاسٍ فُقَرَاءَ قَطَعَ أُذُنَ غُلَامٍ لِأُنَاسٍ أَغْنِيَاءَ, فَأَتَوا اَلنَّبِيَّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-فَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ لَهُمْ شَيْئًا.‏ } رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ, وَالثَّلَاثَةُ, بِإِسْنَادٍ صَحِيحٍ [1]‏ .‏

'Amro bin Shu’aib narrated on the authority of his father, on the authority of his grandfather (RAA), that a man stabbed another man in his knee with a horn. So he came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and said, ‘Retaliate on my behalf.’’ The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to him, “Wait until your wound has healed.” The man came again and said, ‘O Messenger of Allah! Retaliate on my behalf.’ So, he allowed him to retaliate against the one who attacked him (by stabbing him the same way). Then he came again to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and said, ‘O Messenger of Allah! I have become lame.’ The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to him, “I forbade you (to take retaliation until your wound was healed) but you disobeyed me, may Allah keep you away from His mercy (for your disobedience), and as for your lameness you are not entitled to any compensation (as he retaliated before he discovered the lameness otherwise he would have been entitled half the Diyah).” Then Allah]s Messenger prohibited the following, ‘No retaliation is to be made for a wound before the victim is totally recovered.’ Related by Ahmad and Ad-Daraqutni.

وَعَنْ عَمْرِوِ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ, عَنْ أَبِيهِ, عَنْ جَدِّهِ; ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- { أَنَّ رَجُلًا طَعَنَ رَجُلًا بِقَرْنٍ فِي رُكْبَتِهِ, فَجَاءَ إِلَى اَلنَّبِيِّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-فَقَالَ: أَقِدْنِي.‏ فَقَالَ: "حَتَّى تَبْرَأَ".‏ ثُمَّ جَاءَ إِلَيْهِ.‏ فَقَالَ: أَقِدْنِي, فَأَقَادَهُ, ثُمَّ جَاءَ إِلَيْهِ.‏ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ! عَرِجْتُ, فَقَالَ: "قَدْ نَهَيْتُكَ فَعَصَيْتَنِي, فَأَبْعَدَكَ اَللَّهُ, وَبَطَلَ عَرَجُكَ".‏ ثُمَّ نَهَى رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-"أَنْ يُقْتَصَّ مِنْ جُرْحٍ حَتَّى يَبْرَأَ صَاحِبُهُ" } رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ, وَاَلدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ, وَأُعِلَّ بِالْإِرْسَالِ [1]‏ .‏

Abu Hurairah (RAA) narrated “Two woman of the tribe of Hudhail fought with each other and one of them threw a stone at the other. In this way she killed the woman and what was in her womb (as she was pregnant). Their dispute was presented to the Prophet (ﷺ) who ordained that the Diyah (blood money) of the unborn child, is a male or a female slave of the best quality. He also decided that the Diyah of the woman is to be paid by her relatives (the one who killed) on her father’s side. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) also ordained that her inheritance (of the woman who killed as she died later) be for her sons and husband (and not for her relatives who had to pay the Diyah). Hamal bin An-Nabighah Al-Hudhaili then said, ‘O Messenger of Allah! Why should I pay the Diyah for one who neither drank nor ate nor spoke, nor cried (i.e. the dead fetus), such a creature is not entitled to blood money.’ The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) then said, “This man is one of the brothers of the soothsayers,” on account of the rhymed speech which he used, concerning the dead fetus.

وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: { اِقْتَتَلَتِ اِمْرَأَتَانِ مِنْ هُذَيْلٍ, فَرَمَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا اَلْأُخْرَى بِحَجَرٍ, فَقَتَلَتْهَا وَمَا فِي بَطْنِهَا, فَاخْتَصَمُوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-فَقَضَى رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-أَنَّ دِيَةَ جَنِينِهَا: غُرَّةٌ; عَبْدٌ أَوْ وَلِيدَةٌ, وَقَضَى بِدِيَةِ اَلْمَرْأَةِ عَلَى عَاقِلَتِهَا.‏ وَوَرَّثَهَا وَلَدَهَا وَمَنْ مَعَهُمْ.‏ فَقَالَ حَمَلُ بْنُ اَلنَّابِغَةِ اَلْهُذَلِيُّ: يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ! كَيْفَ يَغْرَمُ مَنْ لَا شَرِبَ, وَلَا أَكَلَ, وَلَا نَطَقَ, وَلَا اِسْتَهَلَّ, فَمِثْلُ ذَلِكَ يُطَلُّ, فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-

إِنَّمَا هَذَا مِنْ إِخْوَانِ اَلْكُهَّانِ

; مِنْ أَجْلِ سَجْعِهِ اَلَّذِي سَجَعَ.‏ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ [1]‏ .‏

Abu Dawud and An-Nasa’i narrated on the authority of Ibn ’Abbas that 'Umar (RAA) asked about the judgment of the Prophet (ﷺ) concerning the Diyah of the dead fetus. Hamal bin An-Nabighah Al-Hudhaili then got up and said, “I was between the two women. One of them struck the other with a stone, killing her and what was in her womb. So the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) ordained....” (as above). Ibn Hibban and al-Hakim graded it as Sahih.

وَأَخْرَجَهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ, وَالنَّسَائِيُّ: مِنْ حَدِيثِ اِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ; أَنَّ عُمَرَ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- سَأَلَ مَنْ شَهِدَ قَضَاءَ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-فِي اَلْجَنِينِ? قَالَ: فَقَامَ حَمَلُ بْنُ اَلنَّابِغَةِ, فَقَالَ: كُنْتُ بَيْنَ اِمْرَأَتَيْنِ, فَضَرَبَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا اَلْأُخْرَى.‏.‏.‏ فَذَكَرَهُ مُخْتَصَرًا.‏ وَصَحَّحَهُ اِبْنُ حِبَّانَ, وَالْحَاكِمُ.‏ [1]‏

Anas narrated that Ar-Rubai’ bint An-Nadr (his aunt) broke the incisor teeth of a girl. The family of Ar·Rubai' asked the family of the girl to pardon her, but they refused. They then offered them Arsh, (as compensation) but they also refused. They came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) asking for Qisas, and he gave orders that they should take their Qisas from Ar-Rubai'. Anas bin An-Nadr then came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and said, ‘O Messenger ofAllah! Will the incisor tooth of Ar-Rubai' be broken? No, by Him Who sent you with the truth, her incisor tooth will not be broken. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) then said to him, “Anas! Allah’s decree is equal retaliation.” But the family of the girl agreed to pardon Ar-Rubai'. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) then said, “Among Allah’s servants are those who if they swear by Allah (for something), Allah will consent to their oath.” Agreed upon, and the wording is from Al·Bukhari.

وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- { أَنَّ اَلرُّبَيِّعَ بِنْتَ اَلنَّضْرِ ‏-عَمَّتَهُ‏- كَسَرَتْ ثَنِيَّةَ جَارِيَةٍ, فَطَلَبُوا إِلَيْهَا اَلْعَفْوَ, فَأَبَوْا, فَعَرَضُوا اَلْأَرْشَ, فَأَبَوْا, فَأَتَوْا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-وَأَبَوْا إِلَّا اَلْقِصَاصَ, فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-بِالْقِصَاصِ, فَقَالَ أَنَسُ بْنُ اَلنَّضْرِ: يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ! أَتُكْسَرُ ثَنِيَّةُ اَلرُّبَيِّعِ? لَا, وَاَلَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ, لَا تُكْسَرُ ثَنِيَّتُهَا, فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-"يَا أَنَسُ! كِتَابُ اَللَّهِ: اَلْقِصَاصُ".‏ فَرَضِيَ اَلْقَوْمُ, فَعَفَوْا, فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-: "إِنَّ مِنْ عِبَادِ اَللَّهِ مَنْ لَوْ أَقْسَمَ عَلَى اَللَّهِ لَأَبَرَّهُ".‏ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ, وَاللَّفْظُ لِلْبُخَارِيِّ [1]‏ .‏

Ibn ’Abbas (RAA) narrated that The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

“If anyone is killed and his killer is not known, or was killed with a stone, a whip or with a stick (i.e. killed by mistake but with a deliberate injury) his Diyah will be that of killing by mistake (manslaughter). As for whoever killed deliberately, retaliation is due (from the one who killed him). Anyone who tries to prevent taking Qisas (from the killer) may Allah curse him.” Related by Abu Dawud, An-Nasa’i and Ibn Majah with a strong chain of narrators.

وَعَنْ اِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-{ مَنْ قُتِلَ فِي عِمِّيَّا أَوْ رِمِّيَّا بِحَجَرٍ, أَوْ سَوْطٍ, أَوْ عَصًا, فَعَلَيْهِ عَقْلُ اَلْخَطَإِ, وَمِنْ قُتِلَ عَمْدًا فَهُوَ قَوَدٌ, وَمَنْ حَالَ دُونَهُ فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اَللَّهِ } أَخْرَجَهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ, وَالنَّسَائِيُّ, وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ, بِإِسْنَادٍ قَوِيٍّ [1]‏ .‏

Ibn 'Umar (RAA) narrated that The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

“If a man holds another man so that a third man can kill the seized one, then the one who killed is to be killed (in Qisas) and the one who seized the killed one is to be imprisoned.” Related by Ad-Daraqutni. Ibn al-Qattan graded it as Sahih and its narrators are trustworthy.

وَعَنْ اِبْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا, عَنْ اَلنَّبِيِّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-قَالَ: { إِذَا أَمْسَكَ اَلرَّجُلُ اَلرَّجُلَ, وَقَتَلَهُ اَلْآخَرُ, يُقْتَلُ اَلَّذِي قَتَلَ, وَيُحْبَسُ اَلَّذِي أَمْسَكَ } رَوَاهُ اَلدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ مَوْصُولًا وَمُرْسَلًا, وَصَحَّحَهُ اِبْنُ اَلْقَطَّانِ, وَرِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ, إِلَّا أَنَّ اَلْبَيْهَقِيَّ رَجَّحَ اَلْمُرْسَلَ [1]‏ .‏

’Abdur Rahman bin Al-Bailamani narrated that The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) killed a Muslim who killed a Mu'ahid who had made a covenant with the Muslims, and said, “I am closest to the ones who keep their covenants of protection.” Related by 'Abdur Razzaq.

وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْبَيْلَمَانِيِّ; { أَنَّ اَلنَّبِيَّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-قَتَلَ مُسْلِمًا بِمَعَاهِدٍ.‏ وَقَالَ: "أَنَا أَوْلَى مَنْ وَفَى بِذِمَّتِهِ } .‏ أَخْرَجَهُ عَبْدُ اَلرَّزَّاقِ هَكَذَا مُرْسَلًا.‏ وَوَصَلَهُ اَلدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ, بِذِكْرِ اِبْنِ عُمَرَ فِيهِ, وَإِسْنَادُ اَلْمَوْصُولِ وَاهٍ [1]‏ .‏

Ibn ’Umar (RAA) narrated, ‘A young boy was murdered deceitfully. 'Umar (RAA) thereupon said, ‘If all the people of San'a’ (in Yemen) participated in killing him, I would kill them all.’ Related by al-Bukhari.

وَعَنْ اِبْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: { قُتِلَ غُلَامٌ غِيلَةً, فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: لَوْ اِشْتَرَكَ فِيهِ أَهْلُ صَنْعَاءَ لَقَتَلْتُهُمْ بِهِ } .‏ أَخْرَجَهُ اَلْبُخَارِيُّ [1]‏

Abil Shuraih Al-Khaza'i (RAA) narrated that The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

“If the relative of one of you is killed after my speech, his family has one of two choices: ‘Either they take his Diyah or kill the killer.” Related by Abu Dawud and An-Nasa’i.

وَعَنْ أَبِي [1]‏ شُرَيْحٍ اَلْخُزَاعِيِّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-{ فَمَنْ قُتِلَ لَهُ قَتِيلٌ بَعْدَ مَقَالَتِي هَذِهِ, فَأَهْلُهُ بَيْنَ خِيَرَتَيْنِ: إِمَّا أَنْ يَأْخُذُوا اَلْعَقْلِ.‏ أَوْ يَقْتُلُوا } أَخْرَجَهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ, وَالنَّسَائِيُّ [2]‏ .‏

A similar narration is transmitted by Al-Bukhari and Muslim on the authority of Abu Hurairah.

وَأَصْلُهُ فِي

اَلصَّحِيحَيْنِ

مِنْ حَدِيثِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ بِمَعْنَاهُ [1]‏

Abu Bakr bin Muhammad bin 'Amro bin Hazm narrated on the authority of his father on the authority of his grandfather (RAA) that ‘The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) wrote to the people of Yemen (mentioning the hadith which included), ‘Whoever kills a believer deliberately for no reason or a crime that he committed, he should be killed (in retaliation), unless the family of the murdered person agrees to take Diyah (blood money). The Diyah for a life is a hundred camels. Full blood money (i.e. total Diyah of 100 camels) is paid for the total cut off of each of the following:

the nose, the eyes, the tongue, the lips, the penis, the testicles and the backbone. For the cutting off of one leg; half a Diyah is paid (i.e. 50 camels). For a head injury a third of the Diyah is paid, for a stab which penetrates the body, one third of the Diyah, for a blow which breaks a bones or dislocates it, 15 camels. For each finger or toe, 10 camels are paid. For each tooth five camels are paid. For a wound which exposes a bone five camels are paid. A man is killed in Qisas for killing a woman. For those who possess gold, they should pay the equivalent of the 100 camels which is fixed as one thousand Dinars.’ Related by Abu Dawud in his book “al-Marasil”, an-Nasa'i, Ibn Khuzaimah, Ibn al-Garud, Ibn Hibban and Ahmad, but they disagreed regarding its authenticity.

عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ بْنِ عَمْرِوِ بْنِ حَزْمٍ, عَنْ أَبِيهِ, عَنْ جَدِّهِ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- أَنَّ اَلنَّبِيَّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-كَتَبَ إِلَى أَهْلِ اَلْيَمَنِ.‏.‏.‏ فَذَكَرَ اَلْحَدِيثَ, وَفِيهِ: { أَنَّ مَنْ اِعْتَبَطَ مُؤْمِنًا قَتْلاً عَنْ بَيِّنَةٍ, فَإِنَّهُ قَوَدٌ, إِلَّا أَنْ يَرْضَى أَوْلِيَاءُ اَلْمَقْتُولِ, وَإِنَّ فِي اَلنَّفْسِ اَلدِّيَةَ مِائَةً مِنْ اَلْإِبِلِ, وَفِي اَلْأَنْفِ إِذَا أُوعِبَ جَدْعُهُ اَلدِّيَةُ, وَفِي اَللِّسَانِ اَلدِّيَةُ, وَفِي اَلشَّفَتَيْنِ اَلدِّيَةُ, وَفِي اَلذِّكْرِ اَلدِّيَةُ, وَفِي اَلْبَيْضَتَيْنِ اَلدِّيَةُ, وَفِي اَلصُّلْبِ اَلدِّيَةُ, وَفِي اَلْعَيْنَيْنِ اَلدِّيَةُ, وَفِي اَلرِّجْلِ اَلْوَاحِدَةِ نِصْفُ اَلدِّيَةِ, وَفِي الْمَأْمُومَةِ ثُلُثُ اَلدِّيَةِ, وَفِي اَلْجَائِفَةِ ثُلُثُ اَلدِّيَةِ, وَفِي اَلْمُنَقِّلَةِ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ مِنْ اَلْإِبِلِ, وَفِي كُلِّ إِصْبَعٍ مِنْ أَصَابِعِ اَلْيَدِ وَالرِّجْلِ عَشْرٌ مِنْ اَلْإِبِلِ, وَفِي اَلسِّنِّ خَمْسٌ مِنْ اَلْإِبِلِ [1]‏ وَفِي اَلْمُوضِحَةِ خَمْسٌ مِنْ اَلْإِبِلِ, وَإِنَّ اَلرَّجُلَ يُقْتَلُ بِالْمَرْأَةِ, وَعَلَى أَهْلِ اَلذَّهَبِ أَلْفُ دِينَارٍ } أَخْرَجَهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ فِي

اَلْمَرَاسِيلِ

وَالنَّسَائِيُّ, وَابْنُ خُزَيْمَةَ, وَابْنُ اَلْجَارُودِ, وَابْنُ حِبَّانَ, وَأَحْمَدُ, وَاخْتَلَفُوا فِي صِحَّتِهِ [2]‏

Ibn Mas’ud (RAA) narrated that The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

“The Diyah for accidental killing is paid in five types of camel indemnity: 20 she-camels ‘hiqqah’ (in their fourth year), 20 she-camels ‘Jaz'ah’ (in their fifth year), 20 she-camels ‘bint makhad’ (in their second year), 20 she-camels ‘bint labun’ (in their third year) and 20 he-camels 'ibn labun' (in their third year).”Related by Ad-Daraqutni with a strong chain of narrators. The four Imams reported it with this version, “twenty ‘ibn makhad’ (twenty male camels which had entered their second year),” instead of “ibn labun.”

وَعَنْ اِبْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- عَنْ اَلنَّبِيِّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-قَالَ: { دِيَةُ اَلْخَطَأَ أَخْمَاسًا: عِشْرُونَ حِقَّةً, وَعِشْرُونَ جَذَعَةً, وَعِشْرُونَ بَنَاتِ مَخَاضٍ, وَعِشْرُونَ بَنَاتِ لَبُونٍ, وَعِشْرُونَ بَنِي لَبُونٍ } أَخْرَجَهُ اَلدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ.‏ وَأَخْرَجَهُ اَلْأَرْبَعَةُ, بِلَفْظٍ: { وَعِشْرُونَ بِنِي مَخَاضٍ } , بَدَلَ: { بُنِيَ لَبُونٍ } .‏ وَإِسْنَادُ اَلْأَوَّلِ أَقْوَى.‏ وَأَخْرَجَهُ اِبْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ مَوْقُوفًا, وَهُوَ أَصَحُّ مِنْ اَلْمَرْفُوعِ [1]‏ .‏

Abu Dawud and At-Tirmidhi transmitted on the authority of 'Amro bin Shu'aib on his father’s authority, who reported from his grandfather (RAA), who reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

“The Diyah (of intentional homicide) is paid in three different types of camels: 30 she-camels ‘hiqqah’ (in their fourth year), 30 she-camels ‘Jaz'ah’ (in their fifth year), and 40 pregnant she-camels.”

وَأَخْرَجَهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ, وَاَلتِّرْمِذِيُّ: مِنْ طَرِيقِ عَمْرِوِ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ, عَنْ أَبِيهِ, عَنْ جَدِّهِ رَفَعَهُ: { اَلدِّيَةُ ثَلَاثُونَ حِقَّةً, وَثَلَاثُونَ جَذَعَةً, وَأَرْبَعُونَ خَلِفَةً.‏ فِي بُطُونِهَا أَوْلَادُهَا } [1]‏ .‏

Ibn 'Umar (RAA) narrated that The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

“Three types of people are most hated by Allah, the Almighty: whoever kills another in the Sacred area of Haram (Sanctuary), whoever kills anyone other than the one who killed him or whoever kills anyone in revenge as in times of Jahiliyah (pre-Islamic times).” Related by Ibn Hibban.

وَعَنْ اِبْنِ عَمْرٍو [1]‏ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا, عَنْ اَلنَّبِيِّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-قَالَ: { إِنَّ أَعْتَى اَلنَّاسِ عَلَى اَللَّهِ ثَلَاثَةٌ: مَنْ قَتَلَ فِي حَرَمَ اَللَّهِ, أَوْ قَتَلَ غَيْرَ قَاتِلِهِ, أَوْ قَتَلَ لِذَحْلِ اَلْجَاهِلِيَّةِ } أَخْرَجَهُ اِبْنُ حِبَّانَ فِي حَدِيثٍ [2]‏ صَحَّحَهُ [3]‏ .‏

And it's basic meaning is in Al-Bukhari from the narration of Ibn 'Abbas.

وَأَصْلُهُ فِي اَلْبُخَارِيِّ: مِنْ حَدِيثِ اِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ [1]‏ .‏

‘Abdullah Ibn 'Amro ibn al-'As (RAA) narrated that The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

“The Diyah for accidental and quasi-deliberate homicide -such as that inflicted with a whip or a stick- is a hundred camels, forty of which are pregnant she-camels.” Related by Abu-Dawud, An-Nasa’i and Ibn Majah. Ibn Hibban graded it as Sahih.

وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا; أَنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-قَالَ: { أَلَا إِنَّ دِيَةَ اَلْخَطَأِ شِبْهِ اَلْعَمْدِ ‏-مَا كَانَ بِالسَّوْطِ وَالْعَصَا‏- مَائَةٌ مِنَ اَلْإِبِلِ, مِنْهَا أَرْبَعُونَ فِي بُطُونِهَا أَوْلَادُهَا } أَخْرَجَهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ, وَالنَّسَائِيُّ, وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ, وَصَحَّحَهُ اِبْنُ حِبَّانَ [1]‏