Hudud

Ibn 'Umar (RAA) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) cut off the hand of a thief for stealing a shield that was worth three Dirhams. Agreed upon.

وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا : { أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-قَطَعَ فِي مِجَنٍ، ثَمَنُهُ ثَلَاثَةُ دَرَاهِمَ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ .‏ [1]‏

Abu Hurairah (RAA) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

"May Allah curse the thief who steals an egg for which his hand is cut off, or steals a rope for which his hand is to be cut off.' Agreed upon.

وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-{ لَعَنَ اَللَّهُ السَّارِقَ ؛ يَسْرِقُ الْبَيْضَةَ ، فَتُقْطَعُ يَدُهُ ، وَيَسْرِقُ الْحَبْلَ ، فَتُقْطَعُ يَدُهُ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ أَيْضًا.‏ [1]‏

'Aishah (RAA) narrated, 'Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said (to Usamah bin Zaid), "Are you interceding with regards to one of Allah's prescribed penalties?" Then he got up and addressed the people saying, "O People! What destroyed the nations before you, was that when a noble person committed theft, they used to leave him (without punishment), but if a weak person among then committed theft, they would inflict the legal punishment on him" Agreed upon and the wording is from Muslim. Muslim has another version on the authority of 'Aishah (RAA) who said, 'A woman used to borrow (people's) belongings and deny having taken them, so the Prophet (ﷺ) ordered that her hand be cut off.'

وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهَا ؛ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-قَالَ: { أَتَشْفَعُ فِي حَدٍ مِنْ حُدُودِ الْلَّهِ ؟

.‏ [1]‏ ثُمَّ قَامَ فَاخْتَطَبَ ، فَقَالَ :

أَيُّهَا [2]‏ النَّاسُ ! إِنَّمَا هَلَكَ [3]‏ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا إِذَا سَرَقَ فِيهِمُ الشَّرِيفُ تَرَكُوهُ ، وَإِذَا سَرَقَ فِيهِمُ الضَّعِيفُ أَقَامُوا عَلَيْهِ الْحَدَّ .‏ .‏ .‏ } الْحَدِيثَ .‏ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ ، وَاللَّفْظُ لِمُسْلِمٍ .‏ [4]‏ ‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍وَلَهُ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ : عَنْ عَائِشَةَ : كَانَتِ امْرَأَةٌ تَسْتَعِيرُ الْمَتَاعَ ، وَتَجْحَدُهُ ، فَأَمَرَ الْنَّبِيُّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-بِقَطْعِ يَدِهَا .‏ [5]‏

Jabir (RAA) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

"There is no cutting of the hand for the treacherous, for snatching (like the one who snatches and runs away), or for forcibly seizure (looting or robbery)." Related by Ahmad and the four Imams. At-Tirmidhi and Ibn-Hibban graded it as Sahih.

وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-قَالَ : { لَيْسَ عَلَى خَائِنٍ وَلَا مُنْتَهِبٍ ، وِلَا مُخْتَلِسٍ ، قَطْعٌ } رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ ، وَالْأَرْبَعَةُ ، [1]‏ وَصَحَّحَهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ ، وَابْنُ حِبَّانَ .‏ [2]‏

Rafi' bin Khudiaj (RAA) narrated, 'I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say, "There is no cutting off of a hand for taking fruit or the pith of a palm tree." Related by Ahmad and four Imams. At-Tirmidhi and Ibn Hibban graded it as Sahih.

وَعَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-يَقُولُ : : [1]‏ { لَا قَطْعَ فِي ثَمَرٍ وَلَا كَثَرٍ } رَوَاهُ اَلْمَذْكُورُونَ, وَصَحَّحَهُ أَيْضًا اَلتِّرْمِذِيُّ, وَابْنُ حِبَّان َ [2]‏ .‏

Abu Umaiyah al-Makhzumi (RAA) narrated, 'A thief who has made a confession was brought to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) but no goods were found with him. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said to him, "I do not think you have stolen!" The man replied, 'Yes I have.' The Prophet (ﷺ) repeated it to him twice or thrice, so he gave his commands concerning him, and his hand was cut off. He was then brought to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) who said to him, "Ask forgiveness of Allah and turn to Him in repentance." The man said, 'I ask Allah's forgiveness and turn to Him in repentance.' The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) then said three times, "O Allah! forgive him." Related by Abu Dawud, Ahmad and An-Nasa'i with a trustworthy chain or narrators, and it is Abu Dawud's version.

وَعَنْ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ الْمَخْزُومِيِّ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: { أُتِِيَ النَّبِيُّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-بِلِصٍّ قَدِ اعْتَرَفَ اعْتِرَافًا، وَلَمْ يُوجَدْ مَعَهُ مَتَاعٌ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-"مَا إِخَالَكَ سَرَقْتَ".‏ قَالَ: بَلَى، فَأَعَادَ عَلَيْهِ مَرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثًا، فَأَمَرَ بِهِ فَقُطِعَ.‏ وَجِيءَ بِهِ، فَقَالَ: "اسْتَغْفِرِ اللَّهَ وَتُبْ إِلَيْهِ"، فَقَالَ: أَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ وَأَتُوبُ إِلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: "اللَّهُمَّ تُبْ عَلَيْهِ" ثَلَاثًا } أَخْرَجَهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ، وَأَحْمَدُ، وَالنَّسَائِيُّ، وَرِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ [1]‏ .‏

Al-Hakim transmitted the same hadith on the authority of Abu Hurairah (RAA) giving similar meaning. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

"Take him away and cut off his hand and cauterize him." Al-Bazzar transmitted the same hadith but commented that its chain of narrators is not sound.

وَأَخْرَجَهُ الْحَاكِمُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، فَسَاقَهُ بِمَعْنَاهُ، وَقَالَ فِيهِ: { اذْهَبُوا بِهِ، فَاقْطَعُوهُ، ثُمَّ احْسِمُوهُ } .‏ وَأَخْرَجَهُ الْبَزَّارُ أَيْضًا، وَقَالَ: لَا بَأْسَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ [1]‏ .‏

'Abdur Rahman bin 'Auf (RAA) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

"A thief is not to be fined if the prescribed punishment has been inflicted on him." Related by An-Nasa'i who said that its chain of narrators is disconnected.

وَعَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ؛ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-قَالَ: { لَا يَغْرَمُ السَّارِقُ إِذَا أُقِيمَ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدُّ } رَوَاهُ النَّسَائِيُّ، وَبَيَّنَ أَنَّهُ مُنْقَطِعٌ.‏ وَقَالَ أَبُو حَاتِمٍ: هُوَ مُنْكَرٌ [1]‏ .‏

'Abdullah bin 'Amro bin al-'As (RAA) narrated, 'The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was asked about dated which are still hanging on the palm tree, he then said, "If a needy person eats some dates, but without taking a supply away in his garment, he is not to be blamed, but if anyone takes away any of it, he is to be fined and punished. And if anyone takes away any of it (the dates) after it has been put in the place where it is going to be dried, and it amounts to the price of a shield, he must have his hand cut off." Related by Abu Dawud and An-Nasa'i. Al-Hakim graded it as Sahih.

وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-؛ { أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ التَّمْرِ الْمُعَلَّقِ؟ فَقَالَ: "مَنْ أَصَابَ بِفِيهِ مِنْ ذِي حَاجَةٍ، غَيْرَ مُتَّخِذٍ خُبْنَةً، فَلَا شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِ، وَمَنْ خَرَجَ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْهُ، فَعَلَيْهِ الْغَرَامَةُ وَالْعُقُوبَةُ، وَمَنْ خَرَجَ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْهُ بَعْدَ أَنْ يُؤْوِيَهُ الْجَرِينُ، فَبَلَغَ ثَمَنَ الْمِجَنِّ فَعَلَيْهِ الْقَطْعُ } أَخْرَجَهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ، وَالنَّسَائِيُّ، وَصَحَّحَهُ الْحَاكِمُ [1]‏

Safwan bin Umaiyah (RAA) narrated, 'When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) commanded that the thief who had stolen his cloak (i.e. Safwan's) should have his hand cut off. Safwan wanted to intercede, for the thief's hand not to be removed. Thereupon the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to him, "Why didn't you do so before bringing him to me?" Related by Ahmad, the four Imams, and Al-Hakim graded it as Sahih.

وَعَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ أُمِّيَّةٍ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- أَنَّ اَلنَّبِيَّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-قَالَ لَهُ لَمَّا أَمَرَ بِقَطْعِ اَلَّذِي سَرَقَ رِدَاءَهُ, فَشَفَعَ فِيهِ: { هَلَّا كَانَ ذَلِكَ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَأْتِيَنِي بِهِ? } أَخْرَجَهُ أَحْمَدُ, وَالْأَرْبَعَةَ [1]‏ .‏ وَصَحَّحَهُ اِبْنُ اَلْجَارُودِ, وَالْحَاكِم ُ [2]‏ .‏

Jabir (RAA) narrated, 'A thief was brought to the Prophet (ﷺ) and he said to them, "Kill him." The people said, 'He has just stolen O Messenger of Allah!' He then said, "Cut off his hand." He was brought to him the second time and the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) also said, "Kill him." They said the same and the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to them, 'Cut off his hand." The same man was brought a third time and a fourth time and same was said. When they brought him the fifth time, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

"Kill him." Related by Abu Dawud and An-Nasa'i who regarded it as Munkar (a type of weak hadith).

وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: جِيءَ بِسَارِقٍ إِلَى اَلنَّبِيِّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-فَقَالَ: { "اُقْتُلُوهُ".‏ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ! إِنَّمَا سَرَقَ.‏ قَالَ: "اِقْطَعُوهُ" فَقَطَعَ, ثُمَّ جِيءَ بِهِ اَلثَّانِيَةِ, فَقَالَ "اُقْتُلُوهُ" فَذَكَرَ مِثْلَهُ, ثُمَّ جِيءَ بِهِ اَلرَّابِعَةِ كَذَلِكَ, ثُمَّ جِيءَ بِهِ اَلْخَامِسَةِ فَقَالَ: "اُقْتُلُوهُ" } أَخْرَجَهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ, وَالنِّسَائِيُّ, وَاسْتَنْكَرَه ُ [1]‏ .‏

Ab-Nasa'i also reported a similar hadith on the authenticity of Al-Harith bin Hatib. Ash-Shafi'i mentioned that the killing in the fifth time (of stealing) is abrogated.

وَأَخْرُجَ مِنْ حَدِيثِ اَلْحَارِثِ بْنِ حَاطِبٍ نَحْوَه ُ [1]‏ .‏ وَذَكَرَ اَلشَّافِعِيُّ أَنَّ اَلْقَتْلَ فِي اَلْخَامِسَةِ مَنْسُوخٌ.‏

Anas bin Malik (RAA) narrated, 'A man who had drunk wine was brought to the Prophet (ﷺ) and he commanded that the man should be beaten (lashed). The man was given about forty lashes with two palm branches. Anas added, Abu Bakr (RAA) did the same, but when 'Umar (RAA) became the Caliph, he consulted the people and 'Abdur Rahman bin 'Auf said, "The mildest punishment for drinking is eighty (lashes).' So, 'Umar (RAA) gave his commands accordingly. Agreed upon.

عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- { أَنَّ اَلنَّبِيَّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-أَتَى بِرَجُلٍ قَدْ شَرِبَ اَلْخَمْرَ, فَجَلَدَهُ بِجَرِيدَتَيْنِ نَحْوَ أَرْبَعِينَ.‏ قَالَ: وَفَعَلَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ, فَلَمَّا كَانَ عُمَرُ اِسْتَشَارَ اَلنَّاسَ, فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ: أَخَفَّ اَلْحُدُودِ ثَمَانُونَ, فَأَمَرَ بِهِ عُمَرُ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ .‏ [1]‏ .‏

Muslim transmitted on the authority of 'Ali (RAA) concerning the story of al-Walid bin 'Uqbah that the Messenger of Allah inflicted forty lashes, Abu Bakr (RAA) forty lashes and 'Umar (RAA) eighty. All of them are in accordance with the Sunnah of the Prophet (ﷺ) but this one (the eighty lashes) is preferable to me.

وَلِمُسْلِمٍ: عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- ‏-فِي قِصَّةِ اَلْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عَقَبَةَ‏- { جَلَدَ اَلنَّبِيُّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-أَرْبَعِينَ, وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ أَرْبَعِينَ, وَعُمَرُ ثَمَانِينَ, وَكُلٌّ سُنَّةٌ, وَهَذَا أَحَبُّ }

In this hadith also a man witnessed that he had seen him vomiting wine, 'Uthman (RAA) said:

'He would not have vomited it, unless that he had drunk it.'

إِلَيَّ.‏ وَفِي هَذَا اَلْحَدِيثِ: { أَنَّ رَجُلًا شَهِدَ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ رَآهُ يَتَقَيَّأْ اَلْخَمْرَ, فَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ: إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَتَقَيَّأْهَا حَتَّى شَرِبَهَا } [1]‏ .‏

Mu'awiyah (RAA) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said regarding the one who drinks alcohol, 'If he drinks (for the first time) flog him, then if he drinks for the second time flog him, then if he drinks for the third time flog him then if he drinks for the fourth time you should kill him." Related by Ahmad and the wording is his. It is also transmitted by the four Imams.

وَعَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- عَنْ اَلنَّبِيِّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي شَارِبِ اَلْخَمْرِ: { إِذَا شَرِبَ فَاجْلِدُوهُ, ثُمَّ إِذَا شَرِبَ [ اَلثَّانِيَةِ ] فَاجْلِدُوهُ, ثُمَّ إِذَا شَرِبَ اَلثَّالِثَةِ فَاجْلِدُوهُ, ثُمَّ إِذَا شَرِبَ اَلرَّابِعَةِ فَاضْرِبُوا عُنُقَهُ } أَخْرَجَهُ أَحْمَدُ وَهَذَا لَفْظُهُ, وَالْأَرْبَعَة ُ [1]‏ .‏

At-Tirmidhi mentioned what indicates that it is abrogated, but Abu Dawud reported it clearly on the authority of Az-Zuhari.

وَذَكَرَ اَلتِّرْمِذِيُّ مَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّهُ مَنْسُوخٌ, وَأَخْرَجَ ذَلِكَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ صَرِيحًا عَنْ اَلزُّهْرِيّ ِ [1]‏ .‏

Abu Hurairah (RAA) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

"When one of you is flogging (while inflicting a prescribed punishment) he should avoid the face." Agreed upon.

وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-{

إِذَا ضَرَبَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَلْيَتَّقِ اَلْوَجْهَ

} مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْه ِ [1]‏ .‏

Ibn 'Abbas (RAA) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

"Prescribed punishments are not to be inflicted in mosques." Related by At-Tirmidhi and Al-Hakim.

وَعَنْ اِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-{

لَا تُقَامُ اَلْحُدُودُ فِي اَلْمَسَاجِدِ

} رَوَاهُ اَلتِّرْمِذِيُّ, وَالْحَاكِم ُ [1]‏ .‏

Anas (RAA) narrated, 'Allah sent down the verses stating the prohibition of alcohol when there was no other beverage to drink in Madinah except that prepared from dates (wine of dates).' Related by Muslim.

وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: { لَقَدْ أَنْزَلَ اَللَّهُ تَحْرِيمَ اَلْخَمْرِ, وَمَا بِالْمَدِينَةِ شَرَابٌ يَشْرَبُ إِلَّا مِنْ تَمْرٍ } أَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِم ٌ [1]‏ .‏

'Umar (RAA) narrated, 'When the prohibition of Khamr (alcoholic drinks) was revealed, it used to be made from grapes, dates, honey, wheat and barley. Khamr is what shields one's mind' Agreed upon.

وَعَنْ عُمَرَ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: { نَزَلَ تَحْرِيمُ اَلْخَمْرِ, وَهِيَ مِنْ خَمْسَةِ: مِنْ اَلْعِنَبِ, وَالتَّمْرِ, وَالْعَسَلِ, وَالْحِنْطَةِ, وَالشَّعِيرِ.‏ وَالْخَمْرُ: مَا خَامَرَ اَلْعَقْلَ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْه ِ [1]‏ .‏

Ibn 'Umar (RAA) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

"Every intoxicant is Khamr, and every intoxicant is prohibited." Related by Muslim.

وَعَنْ اِبْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا; عَنْ اَلنَّبِيِّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-قَالَ: {

كُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ خَمْرٌ, وَكُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ حَرَامٌ

} أَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِم ُ [1]‏ .‏

Jabir (RAA) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

"If a large quantity of any beverage intoxicates, then a small amount of it is prohibited." Related by Ahmad and the four Imams. Ibn Hibban graded it as Sahih.

وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- أَنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-قَالَ: {

مَا أَسْكَرَ كَثِيرُهُ, فَقَلِيلُهُ حَرَامٌ

} أَخْرَجَهُ أَحْمَدُ, وَالْأَرْبَعَة ُ [1]‏ .‏ وَصَحَّحَهُ اِبْنُ حِبَّان َ [2]‏ .‏

Ibn 'Abbas (RAA) narrated, 'Raisins used to be soaked for the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) in a water skin, and he would drink it that day, the next day and the following day. When it was the evening of the third day, he would drink it and give some to others. If anything was left from it, he would spill it.' Related by Muslim.

وَعَنْ اِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: { كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-يُنْبَذُ لَهُ اَلزَّبِيبُ فِي اَلسِّقَاءِ, فَيَشْرَبُهُ يَوْمَهُ, وَالْغَدَ, وَبَعْدَ اَلْغَدِ, فَإِذَا كَانَ مَسَاءُ اَلثَّالِثَةِ شَرِبَهُ وَسَقَاهُ, فَإِنْ فَضَلَ شَيْءٌ أَهْرَاقَهُ } أَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِم ٌ [1]‏ .‏

Umm Salamah (RAA) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

"Allah did not make your cure in what He made Haram (unlawful) to you." Related by Al-Baihaqi and graded as Sahih by Ibn Hibban.

وَعَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهَا, عَنْ اَلنَّبِيِّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-قَالَ: {

إِنَّ اَللَّهَ لَمْ يَجْعَلْ شِفَاءَكُمْ فِيمَا حَرَّمَ عَلَيْكُمْ

} أَخْرَجَهُ اَلْبَيْهَقِيُّ, وَصَحَّحَهُ اِبْنُ حِبَّان َ [1]‏ .‏